Search results for "Disjoint sets"

showing 10 items of 40 documents

Contour integration with corners.

2016

Contour integration refers to the ability of the visual system to bind disjoint local elements into coherent global shapes. In cluttered images containing randomly oriented elements a contour becomes salient when its elements are coaligned with a smooth global trajectory, as described by the Gestalt law of good continuation. Abrupt changes of curvature strongly diminish contour salience. Here we show that by inserting local corner elements at points of angular discontinuity, a jagged contour becomes as salient as a straight one. We report results from detection experiments for contours with and without corner elements which indicate their psychophysical equivalence. This presents a challeng…

AdultMaleSpatial visionComputer scienceDisjoint setsCurvature050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineSalience (neuroscience)OrientationPsychophysicsPsychophysicsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesComputer visionCommunicationAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industry05 social sciencesMethods of contour integrationSensory SystemsForm PerceptionOphthalmologyPattern Recognition VisualSalientSpace PerceptionGestalt psychologyFemaleArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPhotic StimulationVision research
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2020

Abstract This paper shows global uniqueness in two inverse problems for a fractional conductivity equation: an unknown conductivity in a bounded domain is uniquely determined by measurements of solutions taken in arbitrary open, possibly disjoint subsets of the exterior. Both the cases of infinitely many measurements and a single measurement are addressed. The results are based on a reduction from the fractional conductivity equation to the fractional Schrodinger equation, and as such represent extensions of previous works. Moreover, a simple application is shown in which the fractional conductivity equation is put into relation with a long jump random walk with weights.

Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisDisjoint setsConductivityInverse problemRandom walk01 natural sciencesDomain (mathematical analysis)Schrödinger equation010101 applied mathematicssymbols.namesakeBounded functionsymbolsUniqueness0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematicsNonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications
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On the stability of the Serrin problem

2008

We investigate stability issues concerning the radial symmetry of solutions to Serrin's overdetermined problems. In particular, we show that, if $u$ is a solution to $\Delta u=n$ in a smooth domain $\Omega \subset \rn$, $u=0$ on $\partial\Omega$ and $|Du|$ is close to 1 on $\partial\Omega$, then $\Omega$ is close to the union of a certain number of disjoint unitary balls.

Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisSymmetry in biologyDisjoint setsUnitary stateStability (probability)Domain (mathematical analysis)Overdetermined systemSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaOverdetermined problemOverdetermined problemsStabilityAnalysisMathematics
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The Calderón problem for the fractional Schrödinger equation

2020

We show global uniqueness in an inverse problem for the fractional Schr\"odinger equation: an unknown potential in a bounded domain is uniquely determined by exterior measurements of solutions. We also show global uniqueness in the partial data problem where the measurements are taken in arbitrary open, possibly disjoint, subsets of the exterior. The results apply in any dimension $\geq 2$ and are based on a strong approximation property of the fractional equation that extends earlier work. This special feature of the nonlocal equation renders the analysis of related inverse problems radically different from the traditional Calder\'on problem.

Approximation propertyDimension (graph theory)35J10Disjoint sets01 natural sciences35J70Domain (mathematical analysis)inversio-ongelmatSchrödinger equationsymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematicsUniqueness0101 mathematicsMathematicsosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötNumerical AnalysisCalderón problemApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsInverse problem35R30approximation propertyBounded functionsymbolsinverse problem010307 mathematical physicsfractional Laplacianapproksimointi26A33Analysis
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Uniqueness and reconstruction for the fractional Calder\'on problem with a single measurement

2020

We show global uniqueness in the fractional Calder\'on problem with a single measurement and with data on arbitrary, possibly disjoint subsets of the exterior. The previous work \cite{GhoshSaloUhlmann} considered the case of infinitely many measurements. The method is again based on the strong uniqueness properties for the fractional equation, this time combined with a unique continuation principle from sets of measure zero. We also give a constructive procedure for determining an unknown potential from a single exterior measurement, based on constructive versions of the unique continuation result that involve different regularization schemes.

Calderón problemFractional equations010102 general mathematicsSingle measurementDisjoint sets01 natural sciencesConstructivefunctional analysisNull setContinuationMathematics - Analysis of PDEsRegularization (physics)0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematics010307 mathematical physicsUniqueness0101 mathematicsfunktionaalianalyysiAnalysisMathematics
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A continuous decomposition of the Menger curve into pseudo-arcs

2000

It is proved that the Menger universal curve M admits a continuous decomposition into pseudo-arcs with the quotient space homeomorphic to M. Wilson proved [8] Anderson's announcement [1] saying that for any Peano continuum X the Menger universal curve M admits a continuous decomposition into homeomorphic copies of M such that the quotient space is homeomorphic to X. Anderson also announced (unpublished) that the plane admits a continuous decomposition into pseudo-arcs. This result was proved by Lewis and Walsh [4]. In a previous paper [6] the author has proved that each locally planar Peano continuum with no local separating point admits a continuous decomposition into pseudo-arcs. Applying…

Cantor setCombinatoricsCompact spaceApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsProduct (mathematics)Mathematical analysisDisjoint setsContinuum (set theory)Quotient space (linear algebra)QuotientMathematicsPseudo-arcProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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THE ZONE MODULUS OF A LINK

2005

In this paper, we construct a conformally invariant functional for two-component links called the zone modulus of the link. Its main property is to give a sufficient condition for a link to be split. The zone modulus is a positive number, and its lower bound is 1. To construct a link with modulus arbitrarily close to 1, it is sufficient to consider two small disjoint spheres each one far from the other and then to construct a link by taking a circle enclosed in each sphere. Such a link is a split link. The situation is different when the link is non-split: we will prove that the modulus of a non-split link is greater than [Formula: see text]. This value of the modulus is realized by a spec…

CombinatoricsAlgebra and Number TheoryCorollaryHopf linkSplit linkMathematical analysisModulusMöbius energyDisjoint setsInvariant (mathematics)Upper and lower boundsMathematicsJournal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications
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A complete characterization of all weakly additive measures and of all valuations on the canonical extension of any finite MV-chain

2010

We consider extensions of the unique additive measure on a finite MV-chain to uncertainty measures on its canonical Girard algebra extension. If the underlying MV-chain has more than two non-trivial elements, in a previous paper we have proved the non-existence of strongly additive measure extensions, where strong additivity is defined as additivity not for all disjoint unions but only restricted to the so-called divisible disjoint unions. This negative result motivates to look for weakly additive measure extensions which are defined to be additive only on all MV-subalgebras of the canonical Girard algebra extension. We obtain a characterization of all such MV-subalgebras which are in fact …

CombinatoricsArtificial IntelligenceLogicWeakly additiveAdditive functionState (functional analysis)MV-algebraDisjoint setsExtension (predicate logic)Characterization (mathematics)Measure (mathematics)MathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
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Games without repetitions on graphs with vertex disjoint cycles

1997

Games without repetitions on graphs with vertex disjoint cycles are considered. We show that the problem finding of the game partition in this class reduces to this problem for trees. A method of finding of the game partition for trees have been given in [2].

CombinatoricsVertex (graph theory)Discrete mathematicsComputer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryGeneral MathematicsProblem findingComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGPartition (number theory)Disjoint setsMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSMathematicsArchiv der Mathematik
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Uncertainty measures—Problems concerning additivity

2009

Additivity of an uncertainty measure on an MV-algebra has a clear meaning. If the divisibility is dropped, we come up to a so-called Girard algebra. There we discuss strong resp. weak additivity based on so-called divisible disjoint unions resp. on additivity for all sub-MV-algebras. We obtain a description of those extensions from additive measures on an MV-algebra to the canonical Girard algebra extension of pairs which are strongly additive and valuation measures. Finally, we prove the non-existence of strongly additive measure extensions, if the underlying MV-algebra is a finite chain with more than two non-trivial elements.

Discrete mathematicsArtificial IntelligenceLogicAdditive functionMV-algebraExtension (predicate logic)Divisibility ruleDisjoint setsSigma additivityMeasure (mathematics)Valuation (algebra)MathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
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